Given the characters a user typed, text, return the number they represent multiplied by 2. Whatever a user types — on a keyboard or into a test file — reaches the program as textStandard InputThe stream a program reads typed input from. It always delivers characters, never numbers.. Java reads it with Scanner or BufferedReader.readLine(), Python with input(), C++ with cin or getline, C with scanf or fgets, and JavaScript with a line reader. Even when the user types 21, a line-based read hands back the two characters '2' and '1', not the number twenty-one. (Helpers like nextInt() or cin >> n look like they read numbers, but they do this same conversion internally.) On this site the reading is done for you and the text arrives as the text parameter; your job is the next step every input-handling program needs — turning that text into a number you can do arithmetic with. Doubling the result proves the conversion worked: done wrong, "21" becomes "2121" instead of 42.